Introduction Among the many water quality parameters that affect HVAC system performance, electrical conductivity and sulfate concentration are two of the most overlooked yet impactful. These values offer insight into the chemical makeup of the water and are direct indicators of potential scaling and corrosion. When not monitored and controlled, elevated conductivity or sulfates can…
Introduction In HVAC systems, water chemistry plays a critical role in system efficiency, component lifespan, and maintenance needs. Among the most fundamental parameters that influence system stability are pH, alkalinity, and hardness. These three interrelated factors determine whether your HVAC water is balanced, aggressive, or prone to scale formation. Understanding how they interact allows engineers…
Introduction Water is the lifeblood of HVAC systems, particularly in chilled water and boiler systems. These systems rely heavily on water as a heat transfer medium, making its quality a cornerstone of system performance. Poor water quality can trigger a cascade of operational problems—scaling, corrosion, microbiological fouling, flow restrictions, reduced heat exchange efficiency, and even…